Diagnosis and Initial Management of Kidney Stones -- American Family Physician

Treatment and prevention of kidney stones: an update.

The incidence of nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is rising worldwide, especially in women and with increasing age. Kidney stones are associated with chronic kidney disease. Preventing recurrence is largely specific to the type of stone (e.g., calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, cystine, struvite [magnesium ammonium phosphate]), and uric acid stones); however, even when the stone cannot be retri...

Medical management of renal stones: More than analgesia?

Acute kidney injury: a guide to diagnosis and management.

Acute kidney injury is characterized by abrupt deterioration in kidney function, manifested by an increase in serum creatinine level with or without reduced urine output. The spectrum of injury ranges from mild to advanced, sometimes requiring renal replacement therapy. The diagnostic evaluation can be used to classify acute kidney injury as prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal. The initial ...

Approach and Medical Management of Urinary Tract Stone in Children

Kidney stone disease has become more common in children, but it remains non diagnosed in a significant proportion of patients, due to a lack of notable signs and symptoms. All children with colicky abdominal pain or microscopic hematuria should be examined thoroughly for urolithiasis. Patients’ histories in terms of family, medical, and drug and a thorough physical examination are require...

Preoperative Care of Patients with Kidney Disease -- American Family Physician

www.aafp.org/afp AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN 1471 nephrologists and the increasing number of patients with kidney disease, portions of this care may be shifted to the family physician in the future. Preoperative management of patients with chronic kidney disease can be challenging. A number of factors, including preoperative assessment, fluid and electrolyte issues, bleeding, and dialysis issues,...